Fig. 3

– Left panel: the foraging tracks of Pterodroma madeira (in red) and P. deserta (in gold) realised during the incubation phase of the breeding season (June-July and August to the first week of October, respectively). The dots represent the track locations classified as “search” by the Hidden Markov Models. The two breeding colonies are depicted by the yellow triangles. The transparent polygons represent the North Atlantic Drift (light polygon) and Central North Atlantic (dark polygon) mesopelagic ecoregions [50]. Right panel: the two species core breeding distribution, defined as the 50% Utilization Distribution contour computed based on GPS data. The circles show the location of seamounts. The map in the background shows the difference in wind speed (kmh^− 1) between the incubation phase of P. deserta and P. madeira, considering the 2019 breeding season. We considered the incubation phases of each species encompassed in the 2019 GPS tracking database (28th of August– 6th of October for P. deserta; and 19th of June– 12th of July for P. madeira). Areas of increased wind speed are depicted in red, and represent locations where the wind is stronger during the incubation of P. deserta than during that of P. madeira. Areas of decreased wind speed are shown in blue