Fig. 1

Schematic highlighting the modelling approach implemented to estimate prey capture attempts for sperm whales using low-resolution data. (1) High-resolution movement data (20-25 Hz) with identified prey captured attempts/events were downsampled to obtain low-resolution data (1 Hz). (2) The low-resolution data were grouped based on different segment durations (30, 60, 180 and 300 s). The investigated time scales of analysis (i.e. segment durations) were based on the minimum duration of prey capture attempts. (3) Dive metrics were obtained for the different segments and models (GLMMs) were constructed. (4) The predictive performance of the models was evaluated using multiple accuracy measures (AUC, Specificity, Sensitivity and Precision) and the differences between the number of prey capture attempts/events observed and predicted per segments were calculated