Table 3 Results of the Cox model corresponding to the event “Joining the aggregation”

a

NULL

− 137,700

Temperature

− 137,256

889.09

1

< 0.001

Fish size

− 137,248

15.56

2

< 0.001

Time of day

− 137,159

178.78

3

< 0.001

b

Model without random effects:

Log-likelihood = − 137,385; Concordance = 0.557; Wald statistic = 619.5 (df = 6, p < 0.001)

Comparison between model with and without random effects (deviance analysis):

Chi2 = 452.3 df = 1 p < 0.001

c

Temperature

− 0.06

0.95

[0.94; 0.95]

− 12.94

< 0.001

Large/small

− 0.40

0.67

[0.54; 0.83]

− 3.72

< 0.001

Large/medium

− 0.33

0.72

[0.60; 0.85]

− 3.77

< 0.001

Day/dawn

− 0.37

0.69

[0.65; 0.73]

− 13.27

< 0.001

Dusk/day

0.21

1.23

[1.16; 1.31]

7.08

< 0.001

Night/dusk

− 0.05

0.95

[0.90; 1.00]

− 2.15

< 0.001

Dawn/night

0.22

1.24

[1.18; 1.30]

9.19

< 0.001

d

Small/medium

1.08

Inf

0.81

0.700

Small/large

1.50

Inf

3.72

< 0.001

Medium/large

1.39

Inf

3.77

< 0.001

Dawn/day

1.45

Inf

13.27

< 0.001

Dawn/dusk

1.18

Inf

5.21

< 0.001

Dawn/night

1.24

Inf

9.19

< 0.001

Day/dusk

0.81

Inf

− 7.08

< 0.001

Day/night

0.86

Inf

− 7.04

< 0.001

Dusk/night

1.06

Inf

2.15

< 0.001