Fig. 3

Distance travelled and activity levels across the diel cycle. a Statistical summary of the distance travelled across the diel time. Estimated distance is based on the raw data. The Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test showed significant differences in distance travelled during these different times (p < 0.001). Further, the post-hoc Dunn test revealed significant differences between the distance travelled between five pairs except dawn-dusk. b Activity patterns of red pandas across the diel cycle. This is based on annual raw data. We took step length as a proxy of activity which is scaled between 0 to 1. The area between two sky-blue lines represents dawn and dusk, the grey area shows night and the wide area between two sky-blue lines is day. The thin ribbon around the line shows the 95% CI. c Predicted activity levels of males and females during the diel cycle across seasons. Step length was considered as proxy of activity level. The square box and error bars represent the predicted activity level and 95% CI respectively. Each colour depicts a season (see legend). Predicted values and confidence intervals are scaled between 0 and 1