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Table 2 Expected navigational efficiency, E, for an individual asocial random walker navigating using the given standard deviation of individual navigation error, ϵ

From: Copycat dynamics in leaderless animal group navigation

Standard deviation of individual navigation error, ϵ

Expected navigational efficiency, E (3 decimal places)

0

1.00

0.2

0.979

0.5

0.843

1

0.556

1.5

0.397

2

0.303

3

0.205

5

0.124