White stork movements reveal the ecological connectivity between landfills and different habitats

Table 2 Summary results of Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGMs) for regional networks in southern Spain and northern Morocco

	Estimate	SE	z value	p value
Southern Spain
Sum	4.75	0.03	180.82	< 0.001
Nodeofactor (landfills)	1.49	0.04	33.39	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (rice fields)	2.53	0.07	38.25	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (fish aquaculture)	− 0.05	0.10	− 0.46	0.645
Nodeifactor (irrigation ponds)	− 2.32	0.09	− 24.49	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (dams)	− 1.28	0.39	− 3.29	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (salines)	1.66	0.05	31.85	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (marshes)	− 1.45	0.11	− 13.16	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (lakes and ponds)	− 0.06	0.07	− 0.94	0.349
Nodeifactor (water courses)	0.04	0.06	0.66	0.51
Edgecov (distance)	− 0.15	< 0.01	− 67.69	< 0.001
Edgecov (mutuality)	0.85	0.04	23.45	< 0.001
Northern Morocco
Sum	5.56	0.02	315.00	< 0.001
Nodeofactor (landfills)	0.39	0.03	13.27	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (rice fields)	0.01	0.08	0.14	0.893
Nodeifactor (marshes)	0.08	0.03	2.59	0.01
Nodeifactor (lakes and ponds)	− 0.28	0.04	− 6.58	< 0.001
Nodeifactor (water courses)	− 0.78	0.06	− 11.97	< 0.001
Edgecov (distance)	− 0.19	< 0.01	− 84.38	< 0.001
Edgecov (mutuality)	0.08	0.02	5.03	< 0.001

Both models quantify the effect of landfills as sources of direct flights and wetlands as sinks, taking into account the same covariates (sum, geographical distance between nodes, and mutuality). Significant effects of node factors are highlighted in bold. SE indicates Standard Error. “Nodeofactor” refers to outgoing flights, and “nodeifactor” to incoming flights

ISSN: 2051-3933