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Table 1 Categorisation of annual cycle events and periods in red-backed shrikes based on their individual actograms

From: Activity patterns throughout the annual cycle in a long-distance migratory songbird, the red-backed shrike Lanius collurio

Annual cycle event

Period name

Description

Coordinates

Autumn migration

MA1

First migratory period during autumn migration. From Denmark to South Europe

N: 50°; E: 16.15°

MA2

Second migratory period during autumn migration. Sahara crossing

N: 27.5°; E: 25°

MA3

Third migratory period during autumn migration. From Sahel to South Africa

N: − 7°; E: 25°

Stopover 1

First stopover during fall migration in South Europe

N: 44°; E: 20°

Stopover 2

Second stopover during fall migration in Sahel region

N: 11°; E: 30°

Stop and go autumn

Non-migratory days inside a migratory bout. Not considered stopovers because of their short duration

Same coordinates as the migratory period it belongs

Wintering

Winter grounds

Stationary period between MA3 and MS1. South Africa

N: − 25°; E: 20°

Spring migration

MS1

First migratory period during spring migration. From the first nocturnal flight from the winter quarters until the longest stopover (stopover3) that take place in late April-beginning of May

N: − 17°; E: 31.5°

MS2

Second migratory period during spring migration. From stopover 3 until the arrival at the breeding grounds in Denmark. Split into two segments to minimise the error estimates in sunrise and sunset times based on coordinates

First segment N: 22.5°; E: 43°; Second segment: N: 46.5°; E: 22.75°

Stop and go spring

Non-migratory days inside a migratory bout. Not considered stopovers because of their short duration

Same coordinates as the migratory period to which it belongs

Stopover 3

Third stopover period during spring migration in Northeast Africa

N: 8°; E: 43°

Summer (breeding)a

Summer

Days at the breeding site in Denmark

N: 56°; E: 12.3°

Odd flights

Isolated flights performed in the middle of a stopover

Same coordinates as the migratory period to which it belongs

  1. aDays included under the summer period includes two parts of the breeding seasons: both after a logger was deployed (first summer) and before it was recaptured a year later (second summer)