Land cover and NDVI are important predictors in habitat selection along migration for the Golden-crowned Sparrow, a temperate-zone migrating songbird

Table 5 Models compared for stopover selection along spring and fall migration in 2019–2020 by Golden-crowned Sparrows

Models	Δ AIC_c	weight
Spring migration
Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI + (NDVI * Shrub) + (NDVI * NeedFor) + Prcp + Tmax + Tmin	0	0.995
Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI + (NDVI * Shrub) + (NDVI * NeedFor)	10.52	0.005
Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI + Prcp + Tmax + Tmin	24.46	0
Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI	38.94	0
Shrub + NeedFor	64.14	0
Prcp + Tmax + Tmin	96.69	0
NDVI	114.85	0
Fall migration
Grass + Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI + (NDVI * Grass) + (NDVI * Shrub) + (NDVI * NeedFor)	0.0	0.809
Grass + Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI + (NDVI * Grass) + (NDVI * Shrub) + (NDVI * NeedFor) + Prcp + Tmax	3.09	0.172
Grass + Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI	8.87	0.010
Grass + Shrub + NeedFor + NDVI + Prcp + Tmax	9.72	0.006
Grass + Shrub + NeedFor	11.34	0.003
Prcp + Tmax	154.36	0
NDVI	154.84	0

Models compared include variables: Shrub = shrubland, NeedFor = needleleaf forest, NDVI, Prcp = daily precipitation, Tmax = daily maximum temperature, and Tmin = daily minimum temperature. Δ AIC_c = delta AIC values and weight = model weights. The AIC for the top model in spring was 1287.2 and for fall it was 1588.9

ISSN: 2051-3933