Fig. 1

Godwit northward migratory flight, 2019–2021. a All locations reported by tracking devices from departure (Chiloé Island, Chile) to breeding sites (Alaska). Gray circles are points during flight; black circles are points during stopover (groundspeed < 3 ms⁻¹ and distance traveled < 15 km). b Locations included in our behavioral analyses. Triangles denote the westernmost and easternmost boundaries of the main stopover region, toward which godwits are traveling. Black line depicts the shortest distance (i.e., Great Circle) route from departure to the midpoint of these boundaries