Simultaneous GPS-tracking of parents reveals a similar parental investment within pairs, but no immediate co-adjustment on a trip-to-trip basis

Kavelaars, Marwa M.; Baert, Jan M.; Van Malderen, Jolien; Stienen, Eric W. M.; Shamoun-Baranes, Judy; Lens, Luc; Müller, Wendt

doi:10.1186/s40462-021-00279-1

Movement Ecology

Table 1 Observed and expected values of partner presence at the nest before a focal individual leaves the nest to forage. Observed and expected values were compared for each pair

From: Simultaneous GPS-tracking of parents reveals a similar parental investment within pairs, but no immediate co-adjustment on a trip-to-trip basis

Pair	Observed proportion				Expected proportion				Difference observed and expected proportion				P value
	Male	Female	Partner	Attendance	male	Female	Partner	Attendance	Male	Female	Partner	Attendance	Male	Female	Partner	Attendance
1	0.655	0.673	0.664	0.843	0.531	0.477	0.504	0.740	0.125	0.196	0.160	0.103	0.01	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
2	0.873	0.889	0.881	0.962	0.476	0.385	0.438	0.811	0.397	0.503	0.442	0.151	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
3	0.840	0.667	0.750	0.879	0.313	0.652	0.502	0.777	0.527	0.015	0.248	0.101	< 0.001	0.47	< 0.001	< 0.001
4	0.882	0.875	0.878	0.948	0.577	0.447	0.500	0.715	0.306	0.428	0.378	0.233	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
5	0.736	0.808	0.779	0.914	0.617	0.388	0.497	0.753	0.119	0.419	0.282	0.161	0.01	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
6	0.955	0.967	0.963	0.988	0.519	0.259	0.357	0.862	0.436	0.708	0.606	0.126	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
7	0.926	0.905	0.914	0.972	0.429	0.457	0.445	0.800	0.497	0.448	0.469	0.172	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
8	0.526	0.667	0.595	0.818	0.582	0.469	0.528	0.717	-0.055	0.198	0.066	0.101	0.86	< 0.001	0.03	< 0.001
9	0.864	0.949	0.904	0.954	0.426	0.361	0.394	0.841	0.437	0.587	0.509	0.114	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
10	0.842	1.000	0.912	0.989	0.512	0.295	0.387	0.832	0.330	0.705	0.524	0.157	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
11	0.970	0.929	0.951	0.996	0.335	0.309	0.322	0.893	0.635	0.620	0.628	0.103	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
12	0.800	0.789	0.793	0.983	0.37	0.296	0.323	0.889	0.43	0.493	0.470	0.094	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
13	0.413	0.607	0.473	0.69	0.694	0.578	0.66	0.573	-0.282	0.029	-0.187	0.117	1	0.36	1	< 0.001
14	0.861	0.809	0.832	0.985	0.31	0.342	0.327	0.892	0.55	0.467	0.505	0.093	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
15	0.805	0.903	0.846	0.977	0.466	0.387	0.431	0.816	0.339	0.516	0.415	0.162	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
16	0.943	0.952	0.948	0.979	0.409	0.415	0.412	0.822	0.534	0.537	0.536	0.157	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
17	0.905	0.942	0.922	0.969	0.404	0.487	0.443	0.797	0.501	0.455	0.479	0.171	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
18	0.847	0.772	0.801	0.937	0.407	0.359	0.378	0.852	0.441	0.412	0.423	0.084	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
19	0.846	0.722	0.774	0.907	0.478	0.528	0.508	0.739	0.368	0.194	0.266	0.168	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
20	0.535	0.635	0.582	0.833	0.561	0.482	0.526	0.722	-0.026	0.153	0.056	0.111	0.7	< 0.001	0.02	< 0.001
21	0.974	0.906	0.934	0.999	0.319	0.359	0.342	0.883	0.654	0.547	0.592	0.116	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
22	0.827	0.980	0.903	0.966	0.523	0.408	0.474	0.777	0.304	0.572	0.429	0.189	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
23	0.800	0.673	0.752	0.872	0.443	0.548	0.485	0.748	0.357	0.125	0.267	0.124	< 0.001	0.02	< 0.001	< 0.001
24	0.944	1.000	0.973	0.987	0.559	0.340	0.443	0.804	0.386	0.660	0.529	0.183	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
25	0.812	0.853	0.84	0.914	0.587	0.264	0.374	0.832	0.226	0.589	0.466	0.082	0.03	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Average	0.815	0.835	0.823	0.9304	0.474	0.412	0.440	0.795	0.341	0.423	0.382	0.135

P-value of < 0.05 means that the observed value is larger than 95^th percentile of distribution of expected values. Differences in observed and expected values are given for each parameter: the proportion of trips started with the female present at the nest while the male leaves (male), the proportion of trips started with the male present at the nest while the female leaves (female), the proportion of trips started with the partner present when the focal individual leaves (not taking in account sex)(partner), and the proportion of time that the nest is attended (at least one of the parents present the nest) (attendance)

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ISSN: 2051-3933

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