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Table 4 Species-specific confusion matrices depicting classification accuracy from Model-1 as the percentage of correct behavioral assignments for each behavior. Overall classification accuracies are displayed as estimates with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses

From: Hidden Markov models identify major movement modes in accelerometer and magnetometer data from four albatross species

Black-footed albatross (n = 100)

 

Visually-assigned

HMM-assigned

Flapping Flight

Soaring Flight

On-Water

Flapping Flight

92.0

18.7

0

Soaring Flight

8.0

81.3

18.2

On-Water

0

0

81.8

 

Overall accuracy: 84.0 (75.3, 90.6)

Laysan albatross (n = 100)

 

Visually-assigned

HMM-assigned

Flapping Flight

Soaring Flight

On-Water

Flapping Flight

71.4

1.7

0

Soaring Flight

28.6

98.3

6.1

On-Water

0

0

93.9

 

Overall accuracy: 95.0 (88.7, 98.4)

Black-browed albatross (n = 242)

 

Visually-assigned

HMM-assigned

Flapping Flight

Soaring Flight

On-Water

Flapping Flight

94.9

3.6

2.1

Soaring Flight

5.1

96.4

6.5

On-Water

0

0

91.4

 

Overall accuracy: 94.2% (90.5, 96.8)

Grey-headed albatross (n = 250)

 

Visually-assigned

HMM-assigned

Flapping Flight

Soaring Flight

On-Water

Flapping Flight

76.9

6.2

0

Soaring Flight

23.1

93.8

7.6

On-Water

0

0

92.4

 

Overall accuracy: 91.6 (87.5, 94.7)