Fig. 4

Example tracks of the Persian leopards at 1-h sampling intervals, colored by the most likely behavioural states obtained with the Viterbi algorithm. a M1 (old male/non-resident) killing two dogs on communal lands outside the national park 25/12/2015 to 07/01/2016; b dispersal stage of M6 (young male//non-resident) traveling from the national park through communal lands to Turkmenistan 15/02/2016 to 02/03/2016; c two caching sites for M3 (resident male), with a bezoar goat and a domestic sheep, the latter outside the national park; d a 5 days ranging of M2 (resident male), including killing an adult urial ram 26/12/2015 to 1/3/2015; e A zoomed in part of the caching behaviour of M6 (non-resident male), at a wild pig kill on communal lands adjacent to the national park; and f hunting a dog by M6 (non-resident male), amidst villages