Fig. 2

The migratory circuit of the Bogong moth (Agrotis infusa). Bogong moths breed during the southern winter in semi-arid regions of inland south-east Australia (grey shaded area). In spring, adult moths migrate from this region (dark coloured arrows) to the highly localised alpine caves in the Australian Alps, where they spend the hot, dry summer in torpor (aestivation). In the autumn, the same adults migrate back to the breeding range (light coloured arrows), where the univoltine breeding cycle commences again. The level of connectivity in this migration cycle is not currently clear. a One possibility is that the level of connectivity is very high, with moths originally from the south-western part of the breeding range returning there after winter hibernation (blue arrows), and moths from the north-eastern part of the range returning there (black and grey arrows). b Alternatively, connectivity may be very low or non-existent if moths originally from one particular part of the breeding range (say the south-western portion, dark blue arrow) return to all parts of the breeding range after hibernation (light blue arrows)