Fig. 7

Reconstructed tracks (black lines, with the black arrow indicating the direction of movement) for a juvenile (Top, a & b) and non-breeding adult king penguin (Bottom, c & d) projected on top of maps indicating current speed and direction (blue arrows; speed indicated by arrow length), which were averaged over the relevant periods. Red arrows indicate wind speed (longer arrows correspond to a greater wind speed) and direction, extracted for each location during the relevant period. (a) corresponds to the departure of a juvenile penguin from Possession Island (Crozet Archipelago; black dot on the left) when the bird traveled through a relatively low current speed area and initially moved with the wind direction, before turning against it. (b) Later on, the same individual moved against the current and the wind for the majority of the period shown. (c) For comparison, here a non-breeding adult moved against the current and wind for most part of the period shown but traveled in the same direction as current and wind during its return phase to the natal colony (d)