Fig. 3From: The start of migration correlates with arrival timing, and the total speed of migration increases with migration distance in migratory songbirds: a cross-continental analysisBetween-species, within-species, and species-specific effects of the start of migration on arrival timing. For spring (a) and autumn (b), back-transformed between-species (with 95% credible intervals, CrI), within-species (with 95% CrI), and species-specific effects of the start of migration on arrival timing. Based on the random-factor structure, species-specific slopes for the explanatory variable were calculated by adding the species-specific random slope estimate and the bird family-specific random intercept estimate to the overall estimate of the corresponding explanatory variable (Additional file 2). Species were ordered based on the phylogenetic tree of the included species derived from TIMETREE (http://timetree.org, Additional file 1). Corresponding individual sample sizes are provided above the x-axisBack to article page