Table 1 Environmental variables used in the black bear movement analyses
From: Black bears alter movements in response to anthropogenic features with time of day and season
Variable | Massachusetts source | Buffer area source (if different from Massachusetts source) |
|---|---|---|
Topographic | ||
 Ruggedness | derived from National Elevation Dataset |  |
 Slope | derived from National Elevation Dataset |  |
Development | ||
 All Roads | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |  |
 Primary Roads | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |  |
 Secondary & Tertiary Roads | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |  |
 Primary, Secondary, & Tertiary Roads | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |  |
 Open space | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (cemetery, golf course, recreation areas) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed open space) |
 Commercial / Industrial | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (Commercial / Industrial / Junkyard / Urban Public, Institutional / waste disposal) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed high intensity) |
 High density residential | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (Housing on < 1/4 acre lots) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed high intensity) |
 Medium density residential | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (Housing on 1/4–1/2 acre lots) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed medium intensity) |
 Low density residential | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (Housing on 1/2–1 acre lots) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed low intensity) |
 Very low density residential | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (Housing on > 1 acre lots) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed low intensity) |
 Percent impervious surface | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |  |
 Agriculture | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer (pasture, cropland, orchard, open land) | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (pasture) |
 Powerline corridors | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer | Designing Sustainable Landscapes (developed open space) |
Water and wetlands | ||
 Open water | Massachusetts GIS Land Use 2005 layer | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |
 Emergent wetland | USGS National Wetlands Inventory |  |
 Forested wetland | USGS National Wetlands Inventory |  |
Vegetation | ||
 Coniferous forest | Pasquarella et al. [36]; Pasquarella et al. (in prep) |  |
 Deciduous forest | Pasquarella et al. [36]; Pasquarella et al. (in prep) |  |
 Mixed forest | Pasquarella et al. [36]; Pasquarella et al. (in prep) |  |
Landscape Configuration Metrics | ||
 Similarity | Designing Sustainable Landscapes |  |