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Fig. 3 | Movement Ecology

Fig. 3

From: SiMRiv: an R package for mechanistic simulation of individual, spatially-explicit multistate movements in rivers, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces incorporating landscape bias

Fig. 3

Effects of landscape. Simulated movements for three theoretical species with two-state movements (Random Walk and Correlated Random Walk) and distinct landscape dependency: a) a terrestrial species, completely avoiding urban areas and partially avoiding water bodies (e.g. wolves); b) a semiaquatic species, mostly moving along water bodies and rarely overland (e.g. amphibians, otters); c) an aquatic species, moving exclusively in water (e.g. fish). Landscape is shaded from white (no resistance) to dark grey (high resistance), with red corresponding to maximum resistance (i.e. where the animal cannot go). Resistance values were: a) terrestrial: water = 0.9, urban = 1, other = 0; b) semiaquatic: water = 0, forest = 0.8, urban = 1, matrix = 0.95; c) aquatic: river and dam (“water”) = 0, other = 1. Zooms on interesting resulting movement patterns are detailed on the right column. Input parameters were: step length = 10, CRW turning angle concentration = 0.95, state switching probabilities = 0.01 (RW - > CRW) and 0.002 (CRW - > RW), perceptual range = 100 (RW) and 500 (CRW)

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Movement Ecology

ISSN: 2051-3933