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Table 3 Results of seasonal difference between pre- and post-breeding migration in four EAAF migratory sandpipers

From: Time versus energy minimization migration strategy varies with body size and season in long-distance migratory shorebirds

 

Sanderling

Turnstone

Great Knot

Curlew

n

12

60

7

9

(i) Migration speed

  Traditional

V = 78 ( p = 0.000)

t 59  = 12.2 ( p = 0.00)

V = 17 (p = 0.688)

V = 45 ( p = 0.004)

  Partial

V = 78 ( p = 0.000)

t 59  = 2.7 ( p = 0.010)

V = 10 (p = 0.578)

V = 0 ( p = 0.031) a

(ii) Number of staging sites

V = 0 ( p = 0.003)

t 59  = −4.9 ( p = 0.000)

V = 2.5 (p = 0.424)

V = 3.5 (p = 0.129)

(iii) Total migration distance

V = 20 (p = 0.151)

t 59  = −2.44 ( p = 0.018)

V = 0 ( p = 0.016)

V = 8 (p = 0.353)

(iv) Maximum step length

V = 75 ( p = 0.002)

t 59  = 6.23 ( p = 0.00)

V = 4 (p = 0.109)

V = 15 (p = 0.059)

  1. aFor three Curlews migrating around the equinox their timing of migration and there with their partial migration speed could not be determined with sufficient accuracy, resulting in a sample size of 6 instead of 9 for this variable
  2. Paired-t test was used for Turnstone and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for the other three species. n depicts sample size. Significant results (p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold
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Movement Ecology

ISSN: 2051-3933