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Table 3 Table of four simulation tracks (Fig. 1 - see details of data sampling in text) and three segments of the kestrel flight data (Fig. 4) with estimates and 95% confidence intervals of parameters (time scale τ, random rms speed ν, advective speed components μ x and μ y and angular velocity ω). The model selection is based on comparing BIC values for the four models while the reported estimates are only for the selected model. The kestrel portions are numbers VI, VIII and XII - orange, dark blue, and yellow portions in Fig. 1

From: Correlated velocity models as a fundamental unit of animal movement: synthesis and applications

Data

Parameter values

Model

Δ B I C

Simulation

True values

Estimates (C.I.)

  

A

τ=5

4.20 (2.65 - 6.03)

UCVM

0

 

η=3

2.19 (1.75 - 2.63)

ACVM

2.00

   

RCVM

1.99

   

RACVM

4.00

B

τ=5

6.3 (3.74 - 10.61)

UCVM

1.01

 

η=3

2.71 (2.02 - 3.41)

ACVM

0

 

μ x =2

1.91 (0.54 - 3.28)

RCVM

2.17

 

μ_y=0

0.08 (-1.29 - 1.46)

RACVM

1.08

C

τ=5

7.22 (3.39 - 15.35)

UCVM

830

 

η=3

2.85 (1.78 - 3.92)

ACVM

834

 

ω=2

2.04 (1.94 - 2.15)

RCVM

0

   

RACVM

4.79

D

τ=5

9.22 (5.0-17.0)

UCVM

1300

 

η=3

3.30 (2.31 - 4.3)

ACVM

1287

 

μ x =2

1.99 (1.89 - 2.11)

RCVM

629

 

μ y =0

0.04 (-0.07 - 0.15)

RACVM

0

 

ω=2

2.02 (1.95 - 2.09)

  

Kestrel

Parameters (units)

   

Segment VI

\(\widehat {\tau }\) (sec)

29.1 (8.7-97.2)

UCVM

0

(n=68)

\(\widehat {\eta }\) (m/sec)

7.7 (3.1 - 8.7)

ACVM

4.4

   

RCVM

2.3

   

RACVM

6.1

Segment VIII

\(\widehat {\tau }\)

38.9 (8.8 - 172.3)

UCVM

246

(n=69)

\(\widehat {\eta }\)

7.61 (2.02 - 13.2)

ACVM

253

 

\(\widehat {\mu _{x}}\) (m/sec)

2.77 (2.24 - 3.31)

RCVM

68.7

 

\(\widehat {\mu _{y}}\) (m/sec)

-0.87 (-1.41 - -0.33)

RACVM

0

 

\(\widehat {\omega }\) (rad/sec)

0.56 (0.52 - 0.60)

  

Segment XII

\(\widehat {\tau }\)

14.4 (5.3 - 38.6)

UCVM

4.8

(n=31)

\(\widehat {\eta }\)

4.04 (2.04 - 6.05)

ACVM

0

 

\(\widehat {\mu _{x}}\)

-10.1 (-17.6 - -2.6)

RCVM

8.0

 

\(\widehat {\mu _{y}}\)

-8.8 (-17.3 - -0.35)

RACVM

6.8