Fig. 7

The track of a golden-crowned sparrow as estimated from 10-min fixing interval data by the classic approach (GeoLight, grey line and dots) and by FLightR. Inset shows golden-crowned sparrow range in North America. The medians of twilight positions estimated by FLightR are coloured by the month of a year (colours for each month are illustrated with pie chart). Bird was tagged in 2 February on the wintering grounds in California. It remained close to the capture site till 13 May and then started northward migration. After two weeks of migration it arrived on the breeding grounds (~1 June), and remained there until at least 5 July. It may have moved about 200 km westward after breeding, though the uncertainty here is high. 10 September bird started migration to the wintering grounds, where it arrived at in the end of October. Note that no spatial or behavioural masks were used for the FLightR run, so positions were allowed to be everywhere. Raw GeoLight estimates shown on the figure should not be interpreted as a positions and inference can be made only for most likely location during stationary periods, new functions in GeoLight 2.0.1 are available now for the estimation of these most likely stationary locations (Lisovski & Liechti, pers. comm). Golden-crowned sparrow range image is courtesy of Birds of North America: Cornell Lab of Ornithology