| | | | |
Cluster BF1
|
Cluster BF2
|
Cluster BF3
|
|---|
| | | | |
N = 6
|
N = 4
|
N = 10
|
|---|
| |
Test
|
F
|
P
|
Mean ± SD
|
Mean ± SD
|
Mean ± SD
|
|---|
|
Behavioral parameters
|
|
% Day in transita
|
gls
|
9.8
|
0.001**
|
11.6 ± 1.9
|
28.9 ± 13.3c
|
30.1 ± 18.3c
|
|
% Night in transit
|
lm
|
3.0
|
0.08*
|
36.3 ± 16.7c
|
11.9 ± 8.9
|
36.0 ± 25.0c
|
|
% Day in transit forageb
|
lm
|
12.7
|
0.0004**
|
43.0 ± 7.6
|
12.3 ± 2.6c
|
14.4 ± 10.5c
|
|
% Night in transit foragea
|
gls
|
5.8
|
0.01**
|
13.7 ± 9.8
|
2.2 ± 2.6c
|
3.4 ± 2.6c
|
|
% Day in ARSb
|
lm
|
0.7
|
0.51
|
6.3 ± 6.6
|
10.5 ± 4.8
|
7.8 ± 5.4
|
|
% Night in ARSb
|
gls
|
5.1
|
0.02**
|
27.1 ± 12.4c
|
7.8 ± 5.2
|
19.1 ± 10.4c
|
|
% Day in ARS forage
|
lm
|
0.5
|
0.62
|
20.0 ± 7.9
|
15.9 ± 6.9
|
16.9 ± 6.9
|
|
% Night in ARS foragea
|
gls
|
2.0
|
0.17
|
15.0 ± 12.2
|
5.0 ± 4.7
|
8.3 ± 7.3
|
|
% Day in drift
|
gls
|
2.7
|
0.10*
|
5.5 ± 6.2c
|
18.4 ± 16.3
|
7.0 ± 9.3c
|
|
% Night in drifta
|
gls
|
18.5
|
.00001**
|
2.0 ± 2.8c
|
47.1 ± 9.3
|
4.2 ± 5.0c
|
|
% Day in drift forageb
|
lm
|
0.8
|
0.47
|
10.2 ± 5.3
|
11.5 ± 12.8
|
20.5 ± 18.6
|
|
% Night in drift forage
|
lm
|
5.0
|
0.02**
|
5.3 ± 6.6
|
25.2 ± 14.0c
|
28.0 ± 17.1c
|
|
Day landing ratea
|
lm
|
0.3
|
0.75
|
1.37 ± 0.39
|
1.7 ± 0.74
|
1.76 ± 1.03
|
|
Night landing rateb
|
lm
|
2.7
|
0.10*
|
0.47 ± 0.28c
|
1.60 ± 1.43c
|
1.04 ± 0.49c
|
|
Track characteristics
|
|
Daily travel (km)
|
gls
|
9.9
|
0.001**
|
650 ± 115
|
337 ± 135c
|
412 ± 139c
|
|
Max rangeb (km)
|
gls
|
2.8
|
0.09*
|
551 ± 284
|
254 ± 107c
|
305 ± 129c
|
|
Total distance (km)
|
gls
|
6.5
|
0.008**
|
1352 ± 520
|
565 ± 140c
|
735 ± 328c
|
|
Trip duration (km)
|
lm
|
0.35
|
0.71
|
2.04 ± 0.667
|
1.77 ± 0.485
|
1.75 ± 0.742
|
- A linear model (lm) was used when homogeneity was not violated and a generalized least squares model (gls) was applied when parameters showed heterogeneity, incorporating a ‘varIdent’ variance structure
- Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05 (**) and marginal significance to P ≤ 0.1 (*)
-
alog10-transformed for gls or lm
-
bsquare-root transformed for gls or lm
-
cindicates which clusters did not significantly differ from each other at P ≤ 0.05 in a multiple comparison post-hoc Tukey test
