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Table 3 Summary of mass and energy gains for elephant seals instrumented with accelerometers (N = 22)

From: Summing the strokes: energy economy in northern elephant seals during large-scale foraging migrations

Migration

Seal

Mass Gain (%)

Adipose Gain (kg)

Lean Gain (kg)

Net E Gain (MJ)

Gross E Gain (MJ)

ST: Short trip

U954

31.7

35.3

45.8

1539

4185

 

U605

27.8

27.1

48.0

1266

3869

 

U627

43.7

49.2

70.3

2187

6021

 

T911

20.3

23.6

39.7

1086

3877

 

1015

21.9

39.4

30.6

1589

4851

 

X851

31.1

54.1

45.9

2205

5676

 

T35

25.2

41.2

44.9

1742

5472

 

N796A

29.5

48.6

52.0

2051

5652

 

R541

37.2

61.9

61.1

2579

6688

 

1733

11.8

4.4

40.8

413

3681

 

N796B

26.9

42.8

53.7

1856

5488

 

W1095

17.9

28.1

43.2

1268

5339

 

R382

15.5

27.1

40.0

1215

4426

LT: Long trip (pregnancy)

U458

96.0

66.4

202.6

3635

11029

 

T730

66.4

68.8

132.9

3280

10727

 

X106

89.5

98.5

183.9

4655

13042

 

U754

103.7

121.0

188.7

5480

14707

 

2036

117.6

87.3

292.2

4944

13531

 

U203

65.1

72.0

185.0

3721

11520

DG: Short trip (added drag)

1234

11.8

18.8

22.9

810

5714

 

M780

8.9

16.7

15.5

690

4499

 

2370

16.6

−0.4

41.7

252

4501

Mean ST

 

26.2

37.1

47.4

1615

5017

(S.E.)

 

(2.5)

(4.2)

(2.8)

(160)

(261)

Mean LT

 

89.7

85.7

197.6

4286

12426

(S.E.)

 

(8.5)

(8.7)

(21.3)

(354)

(645)

Mean DG

 

12.4

11.7

26.7

584

4905

(S.E.)

 

(2.2)

(6.1)

(7.8)

(170)

(404)

  1. Mass Gain (%) is the increase in mass (post-migration) as a percentage of initial body mass (pre-migration). “Net E Gained” is the net energy gained during the foraging migration, and “Gross E Gained” is gross energy intake from prey before assimilation costs are deducted. For LT seals, all terms include mass or energy gained by both the mother and her gestating pup. See text for equations