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Table 2 Sample of ecological animal movement studies that apply remotely-sensed products

From: Opportunities for the application of advanced remotely-sensed data in ecological studies of terrestrial animal movement

Land cover

Terrain

Infrastructure

Climate

Weather

Phenology/ Productivity

Species

Data origin (when available; multiple layers in bold)

Reference

Small scale (e.g., daily movement, residence time, side fidelity, corridors)

X

X

    

Woodland caribou

LANDSAT, DEMa

[12]

X

X

X

 

X

 

Elk

Snow water equivalents, DEMw, roadsw, habitatw

[124]

X

X

X

   

Bison

Vegetation cover type, geothermal layersb, DEM

[44]

X

X

X

   

Roe deer

SPOT, DEMc, digitized aerial photographs

[50]

X

 

X

   

Elk

LANDSAT v

[34]

X

 

X

 

X

X

African elephant

LANDSAT, TRMM, MODIS (EVI)

[35]

X

X

    

Moose

Ecoforest maps, DEM

[13]

X

X

X

   

Brown bear

CORINE, DEMu, human featuresu

[42]

X

X

X

   

Gray wolf

LANDSATd, DEMe

[39]

X

     

North Island robin

digitized aerial photographs, satellite images

[24]

X

X

X

   

Grizzly bear

LANDSATf, vegetation inventory data, fire-history maps, DEM

[51]

X

     

Lion

digitized water wholes

[19]

X

X

X

  

X

African elephant

digitized static features, DEMg, SPOT (NDVI)

[40]

  

X

  

X

Jaguar

Roadsh, MODIS c (NDVI)

[125]

X

 

X

   

American marten

color-infrared aerial photographs

[15]

X

     

Barred Antshrikes, Rufous-naped Wrens

infrared imagesg, orthorectified using DEM

[126]

X

 

X

   

Black bear

LANDSAT, color orthophotos, stream water layerc, topographic maps

[52]

     

X

Mule deer

MODIS m (NDVI)

[16]

X

     

Lion

LiDARs

[110]

Coarse/seasonal scale (e.g., seasonal range change, migration, dispersal)

 

X

   

X

Wildebeest

DEM, GTOPO30c, AVHRR/NOAA (NDVI)

[127]

     

X

Red deer

NOAA (NDVI)

[128]

 

X

 

X

 

X

Serengeti Wildebeest

DEM, SRTM, LANDSAT, NOAA, SPOT (NDVI)

[58]

     

X

Elk

MODIS (NDVI)

[66]

     

X

Five migratory bird speciesj,k

AVHRR/NOAA (NDVI)

[60]

     

X

Mongolian gazelle

MODIS (NDVI)

[129]

 

X

 

X

 

X

Saiga antelope

DEM, SRTMi, MODIS (NDVI); WorldClim database (precipitation)

[68]

X

    

X

Migratory birds

LANDSAT

[14]

X

X

 

X

  

Roe deer

EEA-Corine Land cover, CGIAR-DEM/SRTM, NASA-ASTER relative DEM, MODIS (snow)

[38]

    

X

 

Great snipes

NCEP/NCAR provided by NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSDr (wind)

[30]

     

X

Four migratory ungulate speciesl

AVHRR/NOAA, GIMMS (NDVI)

[31]

 

X

    

Red deer

DEMt

[130]

 

X

  

X

 

Golden Eagle, Turkey vulture

DEM, GTOPO30, NARR o (wind, temperature)

[29]

    

X

 

Common swift

NCEP/NCAR provided by NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSDr (wind)

[17]

X

 

X

X

 

X

African buffalo

MODIS (EVI, tree coverp), TRMMn, MODIS o (fire), vegetation mapq

[41]

X

  

X

 

X

Bobolink

MODIS (NDVI), SPOT x, water content estimates y

[59]

Small and coarse scale

     

X

African elephant

AVHRR/NOAA, SPOT (NDVI)

[61]

     

X

Sheep

MODIS (NDVI)

[67]

  1. LAND COVER: vegetation, water, streams, forest age, cutblocks, seral stages; TERRAIN: elevation, slope, aspect, ruggedness, solar radiation, soil wetness; INFRASTRUCTURE: roads, buildings, borders, fences, trails; CLIMATE/WEATHER: wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, temperature, cloud; PHENOLOGY/PRODUCTIVITY: NDVI, EVI, tree cover, fire; aBritish Columbia Ministry of Crown Lands; bThe Watershed Institute (California State University, Monterey Bay, USA), National Hydrographic Dataset; cUSGS; dFoothills Research Institute Grizzly Bear Research Program; eBanff and Kootenay National Park; fAlberta Vegetation Inventory; gNASA, CARTA program; hSelva Maya Zoque y Olmeca database; iSurface Radar Topography Mission; jRinging data; kLesser Whitethroat, Whitethroat, Blackcap, Chiffchaff, Willow Warbler; lbarren-ground caribou, Mongolian gazelle, guanacos, moose; mWyoming View; n http://trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov; oNational Deneter for Environ Predict; pWegmann et al., unpublished data; qMendelsohn 1997, An environmental profile and atlas of Caprivi. Windhoek, Namibia: Gamsberg Macmilian; rBoulder, Colorado, USA, http://www.cdc.noaa.gov; sCarnegie Airborne Observatory, tNational Mapping Agency of Norway, uLantmäteriet Sweden, vAlberta Sustainable Resource Development, wSpatial Analysis Center at Yellowstone National Park, x http://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu/products/glc2000/products.php, y http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov.