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Table 1 Simulation model parameter descriptions and values

From: Copycat dynamics in leaderless animal group navigation

Model parameter

Description

Fixed value

Range of values

N

Total group size (individuals)

40

2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100

R C

Radius of collision avoidance

2

-

R O

Radius of orientation

15

-

ξ

Standard deviation of added environmental noise/error

0.1

-

w

Weighting towards individual navigation (tactic factor)

-

0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1

k

Number of influential nearest neighbours

-

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15

ϵ

Standard deviation of individual navigation error

-

0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5

  1. Parameters have either no units or arbitrary distance units.
  2. Fixed parameters are the same throughout all simulations. Parameters that have a range of values are explored in simulations using each combination of values in turn.