Fig. 3From: Metapopulation viability of an endangered shorebird depends on dispersal and human-created habitats: piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) and prairie riversPiping plover mortality rates used in the baseline population viability analysis (PVA) model. Mortality rates were calculated for (a) hatch years and (b) adults and were specific to each population in the metapopulation (Gavins Point Reach , M1F; Platte River, HC; and Lewis and Clarke Lake, M2). Rates were a function of the time since the last high flow event occurred for the M1F population onlyBack to article page